Abdumurod Ashurov delivered greens and bell peppers to nearby city markets in the early spring of this year, and tomatoes, potatoes, grapes and apples in the summer. In the fall I managed to pick walnuts and pomegranates, I look forward to the ripening of the lemon, and in the winter she plans to sell fresh cucumbers. The question is, how can the head of the small farm "Jorabek Abdumurod oglu" in the mountain village of Chigatay, Kitab district, get a good harvest of fruits and vegetables at any time of the year? The answer is simple: through hard work, many years of experience, and a generous southern sun.

Our villagers, who get two or three harvests of vegetables and fruits a year, often come to Abu Dumurod aka to build a greenhouse. After all, this experienced gardener has in recent years tested several types of energy-saving greenhouses and achieved success. Take his “ditch thermos” for example - it’s a greenhouse with a little more than three acres, where more than 30 Meyer lemon trees now grow. Its peculiarity is that the citrus fruits are planted in a specially dug "trench" - four meters wide and about one and a half meters deep. In winter, the trees are protected from the cold by a two-layer thick plastic film stretched over metal belts. The film conducts sunlight well and creates additional protection between its two layers - the hot air layer that creates the thermos effect - hence the name greenhouse.

“Although there are few seedlings, the greenhouse has grown early winter varieties of vegetables, greens, tomatoes and cucumbers, and last year we got our first harvest of citrus fruits - more than half a ton of fruit brought us extra income. several million soums, ”said coal miner A. Ashurov, head of the farm Jurabek Abdumurod. "We plan to harvest three times as many lemons this year." In any case, now the trees have at least 30–40 kg of fruit. It’s nice to see them gradually turn a bright yellow.

Meanwhile, the Ashurovs are growing cucumbers in another greenhouse that covers an area of two hundred square meters, which they plan to sell by mid-January. Dozens of citrus trees and young lemon seedlings are grown in this greenhouse. In the near future, they will start earning money for the family budget.

"As you can see, this greenhouse differs from the first one both in design and the principle of using solar energy," said a gardener who studied new technologies in a special project of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Uzbekistan and UNDP project “Uzbekistan Business Forum (Phase 2)”. Testing and adaptation of energy-efficient greenhouses in Uzbekistan with the support of the Global Environment Facility Small Grants Program. - It was built taking into account the trajectory of the sun in the autumn-winter period, that is, the front, covered with dense polyethylene, faces firmly to the south. Due to this, the maximum penetration of sunlight into the greenhouse is achieved. The back and side walls, which are about 80 centimeters thick, are built to create a layer of hot air inside them, if necessary. On top of that, there is a mobile thermal blanket under the polyethylene, which is made of tarpaulin, synthetic winterizer and rough calico. In winter, after sunset, we use it to cover the plants. The thermal blanket blocks the heat inside the greenhouse and creates a buffer between the cold air and the walls of the building. This allows us to grow vegetables without the use of coal, which requires at least 5-6 tons for a traditional greenhouse of the same size.

In addition to greenhouses, orchards and vineyards are also a good source of income for the farm, but small family members still intend to develop the greenhouse business as their main business. It intends to complete the construction of another thermos greenhouse to protect forty-three-year-old and four-year-old citrus trees grown in the trench from the cold before the start of the winter season. The fuel savings, which are not used in any of the greenhouses in the economy, allow to allocate funds for construction and special materials necessary for the gradual expansion of production.

The successful experience of an experienced gardener is now being adopted not only by neighbors, but also by residents of other villages in the region. In addition, other components of a successful greenhouse business - comprehensive support, hard work and solar energy - are as common in Kashkadarya as they are throughout Uzbekistan.

Botir Temirov.

Personal. corr. "Realities of the East."

Kashkadarya region.

This material was published in the newspaper "Pravda Vostoka" on October 18, 2013, issue 201 and published on the newspaper's website: http://pv.uz/economics/ selyskoe-hozyaystvo / 12178

Photo by Shuhrat Khidirov